Brief
Project Sign
The claims the writer was given for Project Sign, in the order they were given.
1
Project Sign was initiated in January 1948.
“And in January of 1948, Project Sign was initiated.”
Raymond Fowler on UFOs, Government Cover-Ups & the Andreasson Affair (Full Interview, 1987) 00:11:52.0-00:11:55.4 administrative
2
Project Sign concluded that after eliminating Russian and domestic origin, UFOs could be extraterrestrial.
“Sign concluded, after eliminating Russian and domestic origin, that they could be extraterrestrial.”
Raymond Fowler on UFOs, Government Cover-Ups & the Andreasson Affair (Full Interview, 1987) 00:11:57.0-00:12:03.2 testimony second hand
3
Project Sign sent a top-secret estimate of the situation to General Hoyt Vandenberg, who was commander of the Army Air Force at that time.
“they sent a top secret estimate of the situation to General Vandenberg, who was the commander of the Army Air Force at that particular time.”
Raymond Fowler on UFOs, Government Cover-Ups & the Andreasson Affair (Full Interview, 1987) 00:12:04.7-00:12:11.4 administrative
4
Hoyt Vandenberg publicly rejected the estimate of the situation from Project Sign, saying there was no proof.
“On the surface, General Vandenberg rejected the estimate of the situation. He said there was no proof.”
Raymond Fowler on UFOs, Government Cover-Ups & the Andreasson Affair (Full Interview, 1987) 00:12:13.1-00:12:18.6 testimony
5
Hoyt Vandenberg concurrently replaced the personnel on Project Sign with new people and directed them to provide explanations for UFOs to the public.
“But concurrently, he replaced everybody on Project Sign that was on Project Sign and brought in new people and told them, as far as UFOs in the public went, that they were to provide explanations.”
Raymond Fowler on UFOs, Government Cover-Ups & the Andreasson Affair (Full Interview, 1987) 00:12:19.4-00:12:33.4 testimony
6
The public was told that Project Sign was closed, while covertly Project Grudge continued until March 1952.
“The public was told that the project was closed, in fact. And meanwhile, Project Grudge continued covertly. This was until March of 1952”
Raymond Fowler on UFOs, Government Cover-Ups & the Andreasson Affair (Full Interview, 1987) 00:12:34.7-00:12:43.1 testimony
7
Nathan Twining recommended a detailed study of UAPs, which became known as Project Sign.
“He recommended a detailed study of the UAPs, which became known as Project Sign”
In Plain Sight 2023-11-17 ch8:1148-1223 administrative
8
J. Allen Hynek had previously worked as an advisor for Project Sign.
“who had previously worked as an advisor for Project Sign”
In Plain Sight 2023-11-17 ch8:11805-11857 administrative
9
J. Allen Hynek was initially extremely sceptical of UFO reports, having said in his first year on Project Sign that the whole issue 'seems utterly ridiculous'.
“He had initially been extremely sceptical of so-called 'UFO' reports, having said in his first year on Project Sign that the whole issue 'seems utterly ridiculous.'”
In Plain Sight 2023-11-17 ch8:11863-12015 opinion first hand
10
Project Sign commenced in December 1947.
“which became known as Project Sign and commenced in December 1947”
In Plain Sight 2023-11-17 ch8:1193-1254 administrative
11
Project Sign was originally dubbed Project Saucer.
“Originally dubbed Project Saucer, the air force-controlled investigation ran for one year”
In Plain Sight 2023-11-17 ch8:1297-1371 administrative
12
The air force-controlled Project Sign investigation ran for one year.
“the air force-controlled investigation ran for one year”
In Plain Sight 2023-11-17 ch8:1320-1371 administrative
13
Edward Ruppelt was a US Air Force officer privy to the Project Sign investigations.
“One insider privy to the Project Sign investigations was a US Air Force officer, Edward Ruppelt”
In Plain Sight 2023-11-17 ch8:1378-1466 administrative
14
Project Sign was renamed Project Grudge.
“At the same time, Project Sign was renamed Project Grudge”
In Plain Sight 2023-11-17 ch8:2280-2331 administrative
15
In December 1947, the United States Air Force Chief of Staff established Project Sign to investigate the first recorded observations of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFO).
“The DoD's first official UAP-focused activities occurred in December 1947, when the U.S. Air Force Chief of Staff established PROJECT SIGN to investigate the first recorded observations of unidentified flying objects.”
Unclassified Summary of Report No. DODIG-2023-109, "Evaluation of the DoD's Actions Regarding Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena," August 15, 2023 2024-01-24 char:1302-1511 administrative
16
Between 1947 and 1949, United States Air Force personnel investigated 243 reported Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP) sightings.
“From 1947 to 1949, Air Force personnel investigated 243 reported UAP sightings.”
Unclassified Summary of Report No. DODIG-2023-109, "Evaluation of the DoD's Actions Regarding Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena," August 15, 2023 2024-01-24 char:1520-1589 measurement
17
Edward J. Ruppelt claimed that Project SAUCER was the informal name of Project SIGN and that it was designated a high priority.
“Captain Edward Ruppelt claimed that Project SAUCER was the informal name of Project SIGN and it was designated a high priority.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:25290-25408 testimony first hand
18
An employee of Project SIGN, interviewed by All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO), claimed the project started a year earlier, in 1946, and that Project SAUCER was its original, informal name.
“in an interview with an employee of Project SIGN, the employee claimed the project started a year earlier, in 1946, and that Project SAUCER was its original, informal name.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:25427-25594 hearsay second hand
19
Project SAUCER was formalised into an official, high-priority programme named Project SIGN.
“Project SAUCER was formalized into an official, high-priority program named Project SIGN.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:27122-27206 administrative
20
The Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC) assumed control of Project SIGN on 1948-01-23.
“The Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC) assumed control of Project SIGN on January 23, 1948.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:27212-27304 administrative
21
The impetus for Project SIGN was to determine whether unidentified objects might be Soviet secret weapons or "extra-planetary" objects.
“The impetus for this effort was to determine if these objects might be Soviet secret weapons or "extra-planetary" objects.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:27386-27500 administrative
22
As part of its work, the staff at Project SIGN reviewed all of the military's intelligence on German weaponry and aeronautical capabilities to determine if any had fallen into Soviet possession.
“As part of their work, the staff at Project SIGN reviewed all of the military's intelligence on German weaponry and aeronautical capabilities to determine if some might have fallen into Soviet possession.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:27599-27792 administrative
23
Project SIGN evaluated 243 reported UFO sightings.
“The project evaluated 243 reported UFO sightings”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:27995-28034 measurement
24
In 1949-02, Project SIGN concluded that no definite and conclusive evidence was yet available that would prove or disprove the existence of the unidentified objects as real aircraft of unknown and unconventional configuration.
“in February 1949, it concluded that "no definite and conclusive evidence is yet available that would prove or disprove the existence of these unidentified objects as real aircraft of unknown and unconventional configuration."”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:28049-28259 administrative second hand
25
Project SIGN determined that nearly all UFO sightings it reviewed were caused by either misinterpretation of known objects, hysteria, hallucination, or hoax.
“Project SIGN determined that nearly all were caused by either misinterpretation of known objects, hysteria, hallucination, or hoax.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:28492-28618 administrative second hand
26
Project SIGN recommended continued military intelligence control over the investigation of all UFO sightings.
“It also recommended continued military intelligence control over the investigation of all sightings.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:28878-28968 administrative second hand
27
Project SIGN did not rule out the possibility of extraterrestrial phenomena in its findings.
“It did not rule out the possibility of extraterrestrial phenomena.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:28979-29035 administrative second hand
28
According to an unsubstantiated historical account derived from only one source, Project SIGN staff in late July 1948 allegedly drafted, signed, and sent a report titled "Estimate of the Situation" up the military chain for approval, which allegedly concluded that UFOs were "interplanetary" in origin.
“Project SIGN staff in late July 1948 allegedly drafted, signed, and sent a report ("Estimate of the Situation") up the military chain for approval. This report allegedly concluded that UFOs were "interplanetary" in origin”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:29134-29349 hearsay second hand
29
The rejection of the Estimate of the Situation report may have resulted in Pentagon leadership's loss of confidence in the staff at Project SIGN, leading to the establishment of Project GRUDGE.
“This rejected report may have resulted in the Pentagon leadership's loss of confidence in the staff at Project SIGN leading to the establishment of Project GRUDGE”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:29652-29808 opinion
30
Project SIGN was renamed Project GRUDGE in approximately 1949-02.
“Project SIGN was renamed Project GRUDGE in approximately February 1949.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:30110-30176 administrative
31
Staff at Project SIGN who leaned towards belief in the "interplanetary" origin of UFOs were reportedly purged from the organisation.
“The staff, especially those who seemed to lean towards belief in the "interplanetary" origin of UFOs, were reportedly purged from the organization.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:30182-30316 hearsay second hand
32
Edward J. Ruppelt sought to correct the mistakes of Project SIGN and the former Project GRUDGE.
“By his own account, Capt Ruppelt sought to correct the mistakes of Project SIGN and the former Project GRUDGE.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:33624-33727 testimony first hand
33
The reestablished Project GRUDGE reviewed all of the previous cases from Project SIGN, the original Project GRUDGE, and the Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC) interim period.
“The new Project GRUDGE reviewed all of the previous cases in Project SIGN, old Project GRUDGE, and from the ATIC interim period.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:34365-34486 administrative
34
A. Ray Gordon took lead on the CIA Special Study Group, which reviewed all of the Air Technical Intelligence Center's (ATIC) data from Projects SIGN through GRUDGE.
“A. Ray Gordon took lead on this project, and the Study Group he established reviewed all of ATIC's data (from Projects SIGN through GRUDGE).”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:36884-37016 administrative
35
Project SIGN staff allegedly drafted and signed a report titled "The Estimate of the Situation" that was circulated for review and approval and assessed that at least some UFOs were of "interplanetary" origin.
“Project SIGN staff allegedly drafted and signed a report that was circulated for review and approval. It was titled: "The Estimate of the Situation" and assessed that at least some UFOs were of "interplanetary" origin.”
Report on the Historical Record of U.S. Government Involvement with Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), Volume I 2024-02-01 char:78505-78716 hearsay
36
The United States Air Force studied Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) in 1948 and 1949 under Project Sign and Project Grudge.
“The Air Force had studied UAP in 1948 and 1949, under the auspices of two year-old studies known as Project Sign and Project Grudge.”
Imminent: Inside the Pentagon's Hunt for UFOs 2024-08-19 ch12:27859-27984 administrative
37
Project Sign's findings on Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) were inconclusive but open to the possibility of extraterrestrial origins for the craft.
“Sign's findings were inconclusive but open to the possibility of extraterrestrial origins for the craft.”
Imminent: Inside the Pentagon's Hunt for UFOs 2024-08-19 ch12:27992-28090 administrative
38
Luis Elizondo conducted a deep dive into government historical records including Project Blue Book and its predecessors, Project Sign and Project Grudge.
“I had done a deep dive into Project Blue Book and its predecessors, Projects Sign and Grudge.”
Imminent: Inside the Pentagon's Hunt for UFOs 2024-08-19 ch25:13747-13833 administrative first hand
39
Robert Bigelow regards Project Sign, Project Grudge, the Robertson Panel and the Condon Report as cover-up efforts, every single one of them.
“you had Project Sign, Project Grudge, the Robinson Panel, and the Coup de Gras, the Condon Report, all completed. cover up efforts every single one of them cover up efforts”
The Evolution of AAWSAP | Bigelow Podcast, Ep. 2 2026-08-11 00:13:20.0-00:13:32.9 opinion first hand