The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the United States’ principal domestic security and law-enforcement agency, responsible for handling federal crimes within the continental United States.1 Across more than seven decades it has surfaced repeatedly in accounts of Unidentified Flying Object (UFO) and Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP) research, sometimes as an investigating authority, sometimes as a source of records, and sometimes as the subject of allegations of secrecy or obstruction.
The Bureau’s best-known document in the field is the 1950 memo written by Guy Hottel, then head of its Washington DC field office.2 The 1950 Guy Hottel Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) memo is described as the most controversial and most popular file in the FBI’s archive.3 The Bureau’s own website states that the Hottel report was never confirmed or investigated, and that the memo does not prove the existence of aliens.4 The FBI also investigated the 1964 Lonnie Zamora UAP encounter at Socorro, New Mexico.5 Author David Marler said that for decades the United States Air Force (USAF), the FBI and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) maintained an official policy of denying, dispelling and debunking the UFO subject.6
A separate strand of the Bureau’s involvement concerns the cattle mutilations phenomenon. Colorado Senator Floyd K. Haskell said he had discussed the mutilations with FBI Director Clarence Kelley and his chief assistant.7 The Bureau concluded it had no jurisdiction to enter the case in the absence of evidence of interstate movement,8 though it and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms were nonetheless pulled into the 1975 occult mutilation investigation.9 The 1980 Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) cattle mutilation investigation conceded that some cases could not be prosaically explained, while concluding without evidence that most resulted from natural predation.10 A separate 100-agent FBI investigation, demanded by three US State Attorneys-General, failed to solve the mystery.11 The Bureau told an interviewer researching a book that there are 10,000 unsolved cattle mutilation cases across the United States.12 It is a matter of public record, observed by police, FBI agents and local veterinarians, that thousands of physical evidence reports of suspicious mutilations have continued across a wide swathe of the country for decades.13 The FBI has also, along with some UAP researchers, dismissed the Majestic-12 documents as an elaborate hoax,14 and Ross Coulthart said the provenance of those documents is officially disputed by the FBI and the US military.15
The Bureau features prominently in the account of Luis Elizondo, who said FBI agents visited ranchers in the Roswell, New Mexico region door-to-door to threaten that anyone who spoke about the 1947 Roswell Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) crash would be killed,16 and that Edgar Mitchell’s family was among the Roswell families threatened by the FBI after the crash.17 Elizondo also said the CIA and FBI have sometimes posted unclassified UAP documents on their websites for the public to search for and download.18 He described leading classified investigations worldwide with partners including the FBI, the CIA and the Department of Homeland Security,19 and said that he and Jay Stratton worked their network of friends in the US military branches, FBI, CIA and the Department of Energy.20 Stratton handpicked members for a new UAP task force from agencies including the FBI, the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), NASA and the FAA.21 Separately, as part of Task Force Dagger, Elizondo met FBI Director Robert Mueller in Kandahar, Afghanistan,22 where the task force worked with the FBI and other US organisations to locate terrorist cells operating in Afghanistan.23
Christopher K. Mellon said that thousands of lives lost in the September 11 attacks might have been spared had the CIA and FBI shared information,24 and separately said that the NRO, CIA, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, FBI and National Security Agency (NSA) appeared to hold important UAP data they were not sharing with each other.25 Elizondo said witnesses to a 2013 orb sighting at White Sands Missile Range included an FBI special agent assigned to the Albuquerque Field Office.26 David Charles Grusch has said it is wrong that Congress lacked oversight of UAP matters comparable to the 1970s Church Committee investigations into the CIA, NSA and FBI.27 In the parapsychology sphere, Ed Dames and his organisation have used Remote Viewing (RV) in operations, including searching for FBI fugitives,28 and Dames said he supports the US Marshals Service with remote-viewing information because they make use of it, whereas the FBI discards it.29 Governance of Avi Loeb’s science advisory council includes representatives from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the White House, the FBI and the intelligence community.30