Donald Keyhoe was a former United States Marine Corps major1 and Marine Corps veteran.2 A retired Marine aviator, he was head of3 and a co-founder of4 the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena (NICAP), a civilian research organisation.3
In late 1949, Keyhoe published the article ‘Flying Saucers Are Real’ in True Magazine.5 He followed it with the book Flying Saucers Are Real in January 1950.6
In the book, Keyhoe claimed that the United States Air Force (USAF) knew the objects were extra-terrestrial but was playing down reports to avoid public panic.7 He further suggested that the US government was hiding the truth about UFOs, and that high-level insiders, including Air Force officials, had retrieved crashed alien vehicles.8 Keyhoe also contended that alien beings more technologically advanced than humans existed,9 and that the US Department of Defense was keeping evidence of them secret.10
Keyhoe said that Dan Kimball had told him the discs involved in a 1952 sighting over the Pacific flew at speeds of up to approximately 3,200 kilometres per hour.11 According to Jacques Vallée, during the 1961 Betty and Barney Hill Unidentified Flying Object (UFO) abduction, Betty Hill and Barney Hill reported empirical evidence of a sighting of a starlike object to the USAF, but when describing their experience to people they felt would not scoff - among them Keyhoe, and later their therapist - they related an encounter with nonhuman beings.12
In 1954, the Directorate of Air Force Intelligence Australia dismissed the findings of the 1954 Harry Turner Directorate of Air Force Intelligence (DAFI) Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) review after consulting with the USAF, because Harry Turner had quoted Keyhoe - described as a US flying saucer author and NICAP director - in his research.13 According to In Plain Sight (2021), Australia’s Director of Air Force Intelligence said Turner had erred in quoting Keyhoe, since Keyhoe’s books supposedly gave the misleading impression that they carried some official US government sanction.14